Part III: CIVICS
Chapter – 3
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Exercise
A. Answer the following questions in brief:
1. How are the members of Rajya
Sabha elected?
Ans: The
Rajya Sabha has 250 members, 12 of whom are chosen by the President for their
competence in the fields of Art, literature, science, and social service. The
remaining members are elected by the States and the Union territories by the
method of indirect elections.
2. What are the three organs of the government?
Ans: The
three organs of the government are. Legislature, executive and Judiciary.
3. What are the qualification
necessary for a person to be elected as the President of India?
Ans: i.
He/she must be citizen of India.
ii. He should not be less than 35 years of
age.
iii. He/she must be qualified for election as member of the Lok Sabha
iv. He/she must not hold any office of profit.
v. He/she must not have any criminal record.
4. Name some portfolios that are
allocated to various ministers.
Ans: Some
of the Portfolios are- Defence, finance, industry, agriculture and railways.
5. Who works on the principle of
collective responsibility?
Ans: The Prime Minister and the Council of
Minister.
B. Answer the following questions in detail.
1. Discuss the stages through which
a bill passes before it becomes a law.
Ans: The
stages are-
i. A minister
or a member seek the permission of the House to introduce a bill. This is
called first reading.
ii. At
the second reading stage, there are discussions on the bill. Member may suggest
changes which are taken into consideration.
iii. The
bill is presented to the members after it is drafted with the changes.
iv. After
a bill is sent to the other house. It goes through all the stages it has gone
through in the first house.
v. The
president can either sign the bill or send it back with suggestion. Now, when
the bill is return, the president signed it and then the bills become a law. It
is then referred to as an Act.
2. Discuss some functions of the
president.
Ans: Some
of the powers of the president are.
i.
The President appoints the Prime
Minister, the Council of Ministers on the Prime Minister Advice, judges of the Supreme Court and High Court and
government of the States.
ii.
The President is the supreme
commander of our defence forces.
iii.
He can pardon and reduce the sentence
of the person sentence by a court.
iv.
When there is a failure of the
constitutional machinery in the state, he can assume any of the function of the
government of that state.
v.
The president can proclaim emergency
in the country.
3. Discuss some functions of the
Parliament.
Ans: Some
of the functions of the Parliament are-
i.
Legislative function: All
laws are enacted in the Parliament after a Lenthy procedures which begins with
the introduction of the bill.
ii.
Financial function: If
the government wants to introduce any new taxes, it has to get the approval of
the Lok Sabha.
iii.
Debating function: The
Parliament is the highest platform for debate on any issues of national
importance in the country.
iv.
Constituent function: The
Parliament has the power to bring changes or amendments to the Constitution.
v.
Electoral function: The
Parliament perform some electoral functions like electing the President and the
Vice President of India.
4. What are the functions of the
Prime Minister?
Ans: The
function of the Prime Minister are-
i.
The Prime Minister select the member
of the council of Minister for appointments by the president.
ii.
He or she allocates portfolios to the minister.
iii.
The Prime Minister presides over the
meetings of the Council of Ministers.
iv.
He or she is the chairperson of the.
NITI Aayog.
v.
The Prime Minister represents the
country in high level meetings and international organisations.
5. Who is more powerful- the
President or the Council of Ministers? Give region.
Ans: The Constitution of India no longer
sees the President is a mere figurehead. The President must act in accordance
with the advice given to him by the Prime Minister, assisted by the Council of
Minister. So therefore. The Council of Ministers are more powerful.
C. Fill in the blanks.
1. Lok
Sabha and Rajya Sabha
2. Highest
platform
3. Law
4. President
and Vice-President
5. Money
bill
D. Tick the correct answer.
1. (i)
2. (ii)
3. (ii)
4. (ii)
5. (i)
E. Write short notes on
1. Money
bills
Ans: Money bill
deals with the income or expenditures of the Government. Money bill can be
introduced only in the Lok Sabha after it is certified as a money bill by the
Speaker.
2. Union,
State and Residuary list
Ans: a. Union List: The Union
List has subjects of national importance on which we need an uniform policy
throughout the country, like defence foreign affairs, banking, communication,
and currency.
b. State List: The
State List contain subject of state and local importance. On which the state
government makes laws like police trade, commerce, agriculture, and irrigation.
c. Residuary List: Subject which do not fall in any one of
the these three lists such as, computer software, Internet and dual citizenship
are listed in the Residuary List on which the power lies only on the central
government.
3. The
Vice- President: The Vice President is elected by an
Electoral College consisting of members of both the Houses of Parliament. He
must be a citizen of India, not less than 35 five years of age, and eligible
for election as a member of a Rajya Sabha. His term of office is five years.
4. Council
of Minister: The real powers of the executive lie
with the Prime Minister and His/her Council of Ministers. Council of Minister
comprise of Cabinet minister, Minister of State with independent Charge, Ministers
of State who work with the Cabinet Minister, and Deputy Ministers.
5. State
of Emergency: The President can proclaim emergency
in the country if he feels that the security of the country is threatened, by
war or external aggressions, or armed rebellion.
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