Electoral behaviour
# Discuss the important
and some of the factors which affect voting behaviour with special reference to
India.
Ans: India has decided
to be a democracy based on election to be conducted on the basis of Universal
adult franchise in which every Indian who has attained 18 years of age can
participate in the electoral process without any other considerations like education,
sex, creed and property.
Importance
of election
Electoral political
process is of great significance in democratic political system. Equality
implies to India which today is the largest democracy of the world.
Some of the importance
is as follows;
1.
It is the time of election that all
political parties try to educate the voters on their own lines.
2.
It is the election time that future of
the political party is decided in future life career of many political leaders
are there for the good or bad is decided.
3.
The election the sites which political,
social and economic system, the nation want to follow during the course of next
few years.
4.
Election time highlights public is used
in for bikes and opportunity in bringing the serve focus many latent factors to
the fore.
5.
This process is most advantages for any
scientific analysis of voters behaviour with the help of qualitative method and
statistical analysis
Thus, elections are of great significance in a
democracy.
Factors
affecting the voting behaviour
Today
voters are affected by several factors and as such voting behaviour has become
unpredictable. Several factors in their own way affect electoral behaviour.
1.
India is a country in which many religions
live together. Each one has it's following and being predominantly religious
dominated country. Voting behaviour is influenced by the if apples of the
religious leaders. Which is usually made at the time of election to the voters.
2.
India has multi party political system
in which there is mushroom of political parties which function at National
regional and local level. Some parties come into existence because these split
not on ideological ground but because of personal condition.
3.
In India in for death matter in every
country there are ethnic groups. If group has some following and usually get
itself affiliated with some political parties so that its interests are
protected.
4.
And other factors which influence voting
behaviour is historical loyalties. In several cases the voters have pass because
of religion caste, language, region considerations and associated themselves
with a particular party or group.
5.
Traditional values also influence voting
behaviour in a country like India which is always opposed to radical changes
and where traditional values are held high.
6.
Another influencing factor is the
policies of the government if policy has different implication for different
classes of society while there are few categories of person who are favourable affected
the other adversely. Whereas those who are favourable affected their behaviour
is entirely different from those who are at worst affected.
7.
Voting behaviour is also influenced by
the extent to which a particular party or to which one has affiliations or to
which ideology he support enjoy the support of the people.
8.
Voting behaviour is also affected by the
extent to which information about social, economic, political and other issues
is available.
9.
In a democratic political system in
addition to political parties, pressure groups play a big role in moulding
voting behaviour. Their activities very much influence it .
10.
It has been found that the influence of
this group is for one more in such countries where people have less realisations about the
significance of vote than in other countries.
Thus electron behaviour
has far-reaching consequences in a democracy and as such more and more
attention is being paid to behaviour studies these days.
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