Wednesday, November 30, 2022

New Getting Ahead In Social Studies Class 8 Solutions - History Chapter- 15 - India after Independence|| Solved Question and Answers || Intas Jz

Part I: History

Chapter 15

After the Independence
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I.                   Fill in the Blanks

1.      Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

2.      Pakistan

3.      Maharaja Hari Singh

4.      1950

5.      Panchsheel

6.      Language

II.                True or False

1.      True

2.      True

3.      False

4.      False

5.      True

 

III.             Answer in Brief

1.      What were the two challenges that India faced immediately after independence?

Ans: The two challenges that India faced after the independence are:-

i) the refugee crisis.

            ii) keeping the country together and not allow it to break into independent fragments.

 

2.      How was Junagadh annexed to India?

Ans:- Junagadh was a small seaport state in Kathiawad(Saurashtra). The Nawab of Janagadh wanted to join Pakistan, while the people of the state wanted to join India. The Indian army was sent to take over the state. The nawab fled to Pakistan, and Junagadh became part of India.

 

3.      How was Hyderabad annexed to India?

Ans:- Hyderabad enjoyed a special position as the largest princely state of India. The nizam declared Hyderabad to be independent. The Indian leaders felt that the future of India as a unified nation would face grave danger if this was allowed to happen. Indian troops were sent to Hyderabad. The government of India announced that it was not a war but ‘police action’, and Hyderabad was annexed to India.


4.      Why did the ruler of Kashmir join India?

Ans:- Kashmir had a Hindu ruler, Maharaja Hari Singh, ruling over a majority of muslim people. Hari Singh had secret hopes of remaining independent. Since Kashmir was invaded by Pathan tribes from Pakistan. Hari Singh appealed to India for help and, in return, he agreed to join India.

 

5.      What are Five-Year Plans? Which Prime Minister introduced them?

Ans:-  Five-Year Plans are methods to plan for the most effectives and balanced utilization of the country’s resources.

Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru

 

6.      List all the countries that neighbor India.

Ans:- Pakistan, Bangladesh, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka.

 

7.      Explain the policy of non- alignment.

Ans: When the world was divided into camps headed by the ernest USSR and the USA, India remained neutral through the Non- Aligned Movement.

 

IV.             Answer in detail.

1.      Describe the significant features of the Constitution of India.

Ans: The significant feature of the Constitution of India are-

                                       i.      World's Longest Constitution: The Indian Constitution contains 395 articles and 12 schedules, making it the world's longest written constitution. 

                                    ii.      Taken from various sources: The Indian Constitution was framed from multiple sources including the 1935 Government of India Act and Other Countries Constitutions.

 

                                      iii.      Federal System with Unitary Features: The Indian Constitution includes all the federal characteristics of governance such as dual government system (center and state), division of powers (among executive, judiciary and  legislature), constitutional supremacy, etc

                                    iv.      Parliamentary Form of Government: The parliamentary system is based on the principle of cooperation and coordination between the legislative and executive organs.

                                    v.      Blend of Rigidity and Flexibility:  A rigid constitution is one that requires a special procedure for its amendment. A flexible constitution is one that can be amended in the same manner as the ordinary laws are made, as for example, the British Constitution.

2.      Give an account of the wars and armed conflicts between India and Pakistan.

Ans: - India and Pakistan have shared a strained relationship ever since the accession of Jammu and Kashmir to India. Pakistan tried to liberate Kashmir, and it ended in armed conflict between the two countries. Two Indo-Pakistan wars took place, one in 1965 over Kashmir and the other in1970(Liberation of Bangladesh). There were constant border skirmishes. In May 1999, armed intruders and Pakistan soldiers entered Kashmir and took control of the high ridges of Kargil. So After a bitterly fought battle, India took back Kargil.

 

3.      Give a brief account of the ups and downs in the relationship between India and China.

Ans: In 1954, India and China signed the Panchsheel Agreement, and both accepted the five principles of friendly co-existence. However, trouble soon arouse with China publishing a map which showed over one lakh square kilometres of Indian territory in the Himalayas as part of China. Even Chinese forces attacked India in 1962 and defeated the Indian army. However, there have been efforts on both sides to improve relations.

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions-

1.       d)

2.       b)

3.       d)

4.       d)

5.       c)

6.       a)

7.       a)

8.       d)

9.       b)

10.   c)


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