Tribal Communities || Chapter - 8 Notes and solutions || Integrated Social Science || Ratna Sagar - Class 7

 

Class Notes

Tribal Communities

Chapter - 8

Chapter:8 (History)

A.      Tick the correct answer:

1.       People belonging to the Khokhar tribe lived in –        c) Punjab

2.       According ___ Garh Katanga was an important kingdom of that period –       d) Akbarnama

3.       ‘Chaurasis’ were a group of –             a) 84 villages

4.       The Ahoms established a kingdom in the present day state of-           b) Assam

5.       The capital of the Ahom was -                            c) Garhgaon

B.      Match the following;

1.       Kolis –                           c)western India

2.       Cheros -                       a) Eastern India

3.       Todas -                          d) Southern India

4.       Rani Durgavati -         e) Akbar

5.       Buranjis                        b. Ahom historical works

 

C.      Give short answers for the following questions.

1.       How was a caste-based society different from a tribal society?

Ans: In caste-based society people were usually divided into high or low caste, according to their birth, whereas the tribal society does not follow the caste rules laid by Brahmans. They were more equal in nature.

 

2.       What do you know about the life of the nomadic tribal groups?

Ans:- The life of a nomadic tribal group were unstable they moved about with their animals. when the supply of food for these animals got exhausted in an area, they moved to another area.

3.       How did the tribal societies change their nature of with time?

Ans:- With changing of time, tribal groups were exposed to new culture as a result, they slowly to change their isolated lifestyle. Many of them began to lead a settle life and adopted better methods of agriculture.

4.       Who were Ahoms? Where was their original homeland?

Ans:-The Ahoms were a tribal community who established a kingdom in the region of present day Assam. The original homeland of the Ahoms may have been in China.

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D.      Give long answers for the following questions.

1.       Why do we know so little about the tribal societies of the medieval periods?

Ans:-Because –

                                   i.      The tribal people did not keep written records.

                                 ii.      The tribal people did not easily let outsider into their areas of habitation.

                                iii.      They usually live in remote areas such as – dense forest, hills, mountains and deserts, which were extremely difficult to reach.

2.       List some tribal groups of this period. What occupation were the engaged in?

Ans:-Some of the tribal groups of this period are in north –West: The Baluchi, in Central India- the Gonds, In the East- Santhals, Mundas, Khasis, Naga and Ahoms.

They were mainly engaged in agriculture, herding and hunting, gathering. They are depended on the natural resources of the region they lived in.

 

3.       Write short notes- Rani Durgavati, Banjaras, Life in an Ahom Village

Ans: Rani Durgavati:- Rani Durgavati was one of the most personalities of the Gonds. After the death of her husband, she began to rule as the regent of her minor son. She was offered a choice of becoming a vassal of the Mughals by Akbar. However, she refused to acknowledge Akbar’s overlordship. So, in 1565, the Mughal attacked Garh Katanga. Rani Durgaati put up a stiff resistance and  died fighting for the cause of her kingdom.

 

Banjaras:- Banjaras were a trading group. They travelled with their families in big groups. They transported grain from villages to town on bullock carts. They also reared and sold animals such as horses and cattle to people of the towns they visited.

 

Life in an Ahom village:- The village community of Ahom was very powerful. It allotted land to peasants based on their needs. The peasant cultivated food crops, particularly rice, on their land. People lived on houses made of bamboo, which was available locally.

 

4.       Why was Akbar keen on making Rani Durgavati a vassal of the Mughal Empire?

Ans:- Akbar was keen on making Rani Durgavati a vassal of the Mughal Empire because Rani Durgavati had a most lowering personality of the Gonds and as the regent of her minor son. The gonds kingdom were very rich and used to exports elephant to the other kingdoms, including the Mughal. That’s the main reason and desire to capture these resources of gonds.

 

5.       What kind of inhibition do you think tribal have regarding outsiders?

Ans:-The tribal people think that outsiders would harm them. They fear disturbances to their ecological environment and destruction of the forests. When they come to know about outsiders wanting to settle down in their homelands or industrialists planning to set up production unit there. The forest and their natural environment are the primary sources from which tribal draw their sustenance.

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